| 2. | Dialetheism | | | re are true contradictions. Dialetheism opposes the so-called Law of Non-Contradiction. By Graham Priest, from the Stanford Encyclopedia.
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| 4. | Paraconsistent Logic | | | The development of paraconsistent logic was initiated in order to challenge the logical principle that anything follows from contradictory premises, ex contradictione quodlibet. By Koji Tanaka, from the Stanford Encyclopedia.
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