| 3. | Non-Euclidean Geometry | | | A historical account with links to biographies of some of the people involved. www-groups.dcs.st-andrews.ac.uk |
| 5. | Spherical Trigonometry, Arc Distance Formula | | | Finding the shortest distance between two points on the earth given latitude and longitude. Download ARC_CALC_3, Microsoft Excel version, A Spherical Triangle Calculator by James Q. Jacobs. www.jqjacobs.net |
| 7. | Smarandache Geometries | | | Having at least one smarandachely denied axiom: validated and invalidated; or invalidated in at least two distinct ways. Discussion groups and meetings. www.gallup.unm.edu |
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